Vesicles of nonionic surfactants niosomes and drug delivery potential 1 vesicles of nonionic surfactants niosomes and drug delivery potential 1s. What is the difference between liposomes and niosomes. The vesicle is composed of a bilayer of nonionic surface active agents and hence the name niosomes. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Multilamellar acetazolamide niosomes formulated with span 60 and cholesterol in a 7.
Niosomes loaded with drugs for dermal application show interactions with epidermal tissue without exerting immediate or strong systemic action4. Niosomes have attracted a great deal of attention in controlled drug delivery systems because of many advantages, such as biodegradability, nonimmunogenicity nature, bioavailability and effective in the modulation of drug release properties. Pdf niosomes, an alternative for liposomal delivery. Formulation and in vivo evaluation of niosomes containing. The main aim of the study was to prepare and evaluate elastic niosomes of ehbr eneh and optimise the concentration of nonionic surfactants. Niosomes are formed mostly by nonionic surfactant and cholesterol incorporation as an excipient. Preparation and characterization of giant niosomes masters thesis in nanotechnology maryam homaei department of microtechnology and nanoscience mc2 chalmers university of technology gothenburg, sweden 2016. Contents of the powerpoint on niosomes drug delivery systems include. Sorbitan ester niosomes for topical delivery of rofecoxib. Niosomes may be used as carriers of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Niosome definition of niosome by medical dictionary. Niosomes are promising vehicle for drug delivery and being nonionic, it is less toxic and improves the therapeutic index of drug by restricting its action to target cells. In niosomes, the vesicles forming amphiphilic is a nonionic surfactant such as span 60 which is usually stabilized by addition of. Niosomes may be unilamellar or multilamellar depending on the method used to prepare them.
The design of proper dosage regimen was an important element in accomplishing the goal. Niosomes are unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles. Niosome using span60 as surfactant, image from niosome liposome are made of phospholipids, th. Niosomes resemble liposomes in structure except they contain surfactant, which will enhance the stability of the drug delivery system 240. The prepared niosomes were analyzed for entrapment efficiency by spectrophotometric method after separation of free drug. Niosomes and liposomes are equiactive in drug delivery potential and both increase drug efficacy as compared with that of free drug. The niosomes are very small, and microscopic in size.
Nonionic surfactant vesicles niosomes were formulated with an aim of enhancing the oral bioavailability of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tdf, an antihiv drug. The current deepening and widening of interest in niosomes speculates optimistically about some future applications of these nonionic surfactant vesicles. Toxic drugs which needed higher doses can possibly be delivered safely using niosomal application. Migraine is an episodic headache disorder characterized by a combination of neurological, gastrointestinal, and autonomic symptoms. A diverse range of materials have been used to form niosomes such as sucrose ester surfactants and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether surfactants, alkyl ester, alkyl amides, fatty acids and.
Niosomes can entrap both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs and can. Drug targeting is the release of drug in a specific site for its. However, their physical properties and features relative to liposomes are not well documented. The basic goal of the drug therapy is to achieve a steady state blood or tissue level that is therapeutically effective and nontoxic for an extended period. It also deals in detail about the role of niosome as a carrier in dermal drug delivery. Niosomes and liposomes both have similar physical properties but their chemical properties are different. Most surfactants have a single hydrophobic tail, eg. This shows that niosomes fii formulation will have prolonged circulation when compared to free oxcarbazepine. Development and characterization of niosomal drug delivery. Effect of liposomes and niosomes on skin permeation of. The result suggested that niosomes prepared were of uniform size and spherical in shape shown in fig. Research article formulation and invitro evaluation of. Entrapped niosomes were prepared by hand shaking and ether injection process with different ratios of 1. A niosome is a nonactive surfactantcontaining liposome 239.
Based on their biodegradable, biocompatible, and nonimmunogenic structure. Vesicles of nonionic surfactants niosomes and drug. Niosomes are now widely studied as an alternative to liposomes. The bilayers of the niosomes protect the enclosed active pharmaceutical ingredient from the deterogenous factors present both inside and. Niosomes, application, dermal carrier introduction. Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, in which the medication is encapsulated in a vesicle. The diameter of the formulated niosomes was found to be in the range of 12. Niosomes provide incorporating the drug into for a better targeting of the drug at appropriate tissue destination. The nonionic surfactant belongs to the class of the alkyl or dialkyl polyglycerol ether and. Niosomes play an important role owing to their nonionic properties, in such drug delivery system.
The average vesicular size of niosomes of all the batches was measured in the range of 4. Amir 1royal college of pharmacy, andhapasarsa road, berhampur760002 orissa, india. The basic component of drug delivery systems is an appropriate carrier that protects the drug from rapid degradation or clearance and thereby enhances drug concentration in target tissues. Niosomes have more penetrating capability than the previous preparations of emulsions. First, it should deliver the drug in accordance with a predetermined rate and second it should release therapeutically effective amount of drug at the site of action. Recent trends in niosome as vesicular drug delivery system. Niosomes or non ionic surfactant vesicles are formed from self assembly of hydrated surfactant. Formulation and characterization of topical gel of. Slurry of maltodextrin and surfactant was dried to form a free flowing powder, which could be rehydrated by addition of warm water. These vesicles can be used for the encapsulation of actives and to improve the bioavailability into the skin. Niosomes are used in studies for drug delivery or gene transfer.
Design and development of novel drug delivery system ndds has two prerequisites. Niosomes are widely accepted by research scientist. Niosomes are made of nonionic surfactants and cholesterol. After rapid mixing by sonication for 5min, the turbidity was measured as the absorbance at 400 nm with an ultravioletvisible diode array spectrophotometer wpa co.
Paclitaxelloaded niosomes for intravenous administration. Among these formulations, the niosomes prepared with span 40 were further evaluated using. The mean size of niosomes also increases proportionally with increase in the hlb of surfactants like span 85 hlb 1. Niosomes are microscopic lamellar structures, which are formed on the admixture of nonionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkyl polyglycerol ether class and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in aqueous media. Eletriptan hydrobromide ehbr is a second generation triptan drug intended for treatment of migraine headaches. Niosomes are made up of uncharged single chain surfactant molecules. Niosomes are used for better targeting of the drug at appropriate tissue destination. Niosome technology niosome is a ultradeformable vesicles made by polyglycerol monoesters. Liposomes and niosomes were diluted with bidistilled water to give a total lipid concentration of 0. Liposomes were first in such type of delivery systems but it was not so successful due to their numerous drawbacks. An overview on niosome as carrier in dermal drug delivery. Vesicular drug delivery system are novel means to improve the bioavailability of the encapsulated drug along with numerous advantages over conventional drug delivery systems. Major aim of transdermal drug delivery sytem is to cross the stratum corneum.
They presents a structure similar to liposome and hence they can represent alternative vesicular systems with respect to liposomes niosomes are thoughts to be better candidates drug delivery as compared to liposomes due. Niosomes as carrier in dermal drug delivery intechopen. It has been accepted for inclusion in graduate theses and dissertations by an authorized administrator of scholar commons. Niosomes which have been prepared with bolasurfactants showed a certain and encouraging safety and tolerability both in vitro on human keratinocyte cells up to an incubation time of 72 h for the different concentrations studied 0. Malhotra in niosomes, the vesicles forming amphiphile is a nonionic surfactant such as span 60 which is usually stabilized by addition of cholesterol and small amount of anionic surfactant such as dicetyl phosphate. The vesicles were discrete and separate with no aggregation or agglomeration figure 1. Drug delivery systems are defined as formulations aiming for transportation of a drug to the desired area of action within the body.
They are structurally similar to liposomes in having a. Niosome is an artificial spherical submicroscopic vesicles. Novel drug delivery systems are aiming to delivery the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body during the period of treatment and. They are structurally similar to liposomes in having a bilayer, however, the materials used to prepare niosomes make them more. Skin is the main target of topical and transdermal preparations. Nowadays we better know vesicles have importance in. Masters thesis 2016 preparationandcharacterization ofgiantniosomes. In this chapter, niosome formation, composition, preparation, characterization, evaluation, advantages, disadvantages, and the more recent applications of niosomes are extensively discussed. Niosomes are microscopic nonionic surfactant vesicles which foms on selfassembling of nonionic surfactant. Also, niosomes by their nonionic nature and admirable biodegradability have shown excellent. This dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the graduate school at scholar commons. The mean size of niosomes increases proportionally with increase in the hydrophiliclipophilic balance hlb of surfactants such as span 85 hlb 1. Niosomes provide advantage of usage through various routes viz.
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